HUMMER HX Concept – H4?
December 11, 2007 by Alborz Fallah
HUMMER has a dilemma – what will the next generation Hummer H1/2/3 look like? It would be insanity to change the iconic look of the Hummer range, but at the same time, something needs to be updated to signify a new model.
Thankfully GM is well aware of this problem and plans to show off a Hummer concept at next year’s North American International Auto Show. Dubbed the HUMMER HX concept, it reflects the future design of off-road vehicles according to GM.
Expected to run on E85 Biofuel, the Hummer HX offers a similar deal to the Jeep Wrangler with its open-air driving experience. The HX has a pair of removable roof panels above the driver and front passenger and a modular, removable rear roof assembly enabling a quick conversion from closed vehicle to open vehicle SUT.
In the past 12 months rumours have indicated GM is considering an even smaller Hummer – a H4 – to take on the likes of Jeep’s Wrangler. The HX concept seems to be the perfect candidate.
The question still remains though, what is the ultimate aim of the Hummer brand? How can a brand that has created a timeless shape be updated? More importantly, will Hummer ever expand into other types of cars?
Would you buy a Hummer sedan?
Tags: Hummer H4, Hummer HX Concept
Looks like a block on wheels!
What did you think a Hummer was? :D
There was a Hummer Sedan………………It was called a Super snipe and was out well before the 4WDs, although it was a pom mobile back them!
It should be graet off road like all HUMMERS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Yeah, looks like it was made just for the Dakar rally, so it certanly is an off-road vehicle.
JET12V it was actually called the HUMBER Super Snipe which is an old English car from the 40s-60s.. Looks similar to the Old GT Cortina/Anglia but slightly bigger
What can you say. Big Yank Wank Tank.
No need for this in this over polluted world. Its sucks, tax out of existence.
Unless they do a diesel of course.
carlos is smuggling tic tacs
ur dad must b a terroristt cause ur the bomb
my love 4 u is like diarrhea. i cant hold it in
R u gay cause im gay (by nik)
nice legs. wen do they open
I like men
who calls shit poo
Is ur dad a baker coz u got some nice buns
my name is carlos and i like jam
not jelly, jam
I LEFT MY BOOKS IN THE CAR AND I WALK TO SCHOOL
fuck off
I like ur mum
FUCK!!!!!
i got diarhea
its comen out right now
nooooooooooooooooooooooooooo
(splashsquelchsqash
ford fiestiva is the car in the world
ford fiestiva can beat the shit out of the hummer
For other uses, see Bicycle (disambiguation).
“Velo” redirects here. For the method of document binding, see Velo binding.
This racing bicycle is built using lightweight, shaped aluminium tubing and carbon fiber stays and forks. It sports a drop handlebar and thin tires and wheels for efficiency and aerodynamics.
This mountain bicycle features oversized tires, a full-suspension frame, two disc brakes and handlebars oriented perpendicular to the bike’s axisThe bicycle, bike, or cycle, is a pedal-driven, human-powered vehicle with two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other.
First introduced in 19th-century Europe, bicycles now number approximately one billion worldwide,[1] providing the principal means of transportation in many regions, notably China and the Netherlands[citation needed]. They also provide a popular form of recreation, and have been adapted for use in many other fields of human activity, including children’s toys, adult fitness, military and police applications, courier services, and cycle sports.
The basic shape and configuration of a typical bicycle has hardly changed since the first chain-driven model was developed around 1885,[2] although many important details have been improved, especially since the advent of modern materials and computer-aided design. These have allowed for a proliferation of specialized designs for particular types of cycling.
The bicycle has affected history considerably, in both the cultural and industrial realms. In its early years, bicycle construction drew on pre-existing technologies; more recently, bicycle technology has, in turn, contributed ideas in both old and newer areas.
Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Technical aspects
2.1 Legal requirements
2.2 Standards
2.3 Construction and parts
2.3.1 Wheels
2.3.2 Frame
2.3.3 Drivetrain
2.3.4 Steering and seating
2.3.5 Brakes
2.3.6 Suspension
2.3.7 Accessories and repairs
2.4 Performance
2.5 Dynamics
2.6 Further reading
3 Social and historical aspects
3.1 Economic implications
3.2 Female emancipation
3.3 Social implications
4 Uses for bicycles
5 Types of bicycle
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 External links
[edit] History
Main article: History of the bicycle
Evolution of the bicycle
Drais’ 1817 design made to measureSeveral innovators contributed to the history of the bicycle by developing precursor human-powered vehicles, including the velocipede, invented in 1763 in France by Pierre Lallement. The documented ancestors of today’s modern bicycle were known as pushbikes, Draisines or hobby horses. To use the Draisine, first introduced to the public in Paris by the German Baron Karl von Drais in 1818[3], the operator sat astride a wooden frame supported by two in-line wheels and pushed the vehicle along with his/her feet while steering the front wheel.
A penny-farthing or ordinary bicycle photographed in the Škoda museum in the Czech RepublicScottish blacksmith Kirkpatrick MacMillan refined this in 1839 by adding a mechanical crank drive to the rear wheel, thus creating the first true “bicycle” in the modern sense. In the 1850s and 1860s, Frenchmen Pierre Michaux and Pierre Lallement took bicycle design in a different direction, placing the pedals on an enlarged front wheel. Their creation, of wrought iron and wood, developed into the “penny-farthing” (more formally an ordinary bicycle), featuring a tubular steel frame on which were mounted wire spoked wheels with solid rubber tires. These bicycles were not, however, for the faint hearted, due to the very high seat and poor weight distribution.
The subsequent dwarf ordinary addressed some of these faults by reducing the front wheel diameter and setting the seat further back, necessitating the addition of gearing, effected in a variety of ways, to attain sufficient speed. However, having to both pedal and steer via the front wheel remained a problem. Starley’s nephew, J. K. Starley, J. H. Lawson, and Shergold solved this problem by introducing the chain drive connecting the pedals held with the frame to the back wheel. These models were known as dwarf safeties, or safety bicycles, for their lower seat height and better weight distribution. Starley’s 1885 Rover is usually described as the first recognizably modern bicycle. Soon, the seat tube was added, creating the double-triangle diamond frame of the modern bike.
Bicycle in Plymouth at the start of the 20th centuryNew innovations increased comfort, and ushered in a second bicycle craze, the 1890s’ Golden Age of Bicycles. In 1888, Scotsman John Boyd Dunlop introduced the pneumatic tire, which soon became universal. Soon after, the rear freewheel was developed, enabling the rider to coast without the pedals spinning out of control. This refinement led to the 1898 invention of coaster brakes. Derailleur gears and hand-operated cable-pull brakes were also developed during these years, but were only slowly adopted by casual riders. By the turn of the century, cycling clubs flourished on both sides of the Atlantic, and touring and racing were soon extremely popular.
Bicycles and horse buggies were the two mainstays of private transportation just prior to the automobile, and the grading of smooth roads in the late 19th century was stimulated by the wide use of these devices.
[edit] Technical aspects
[edit] Legal requirements
Diagram of a bicycle.
Reflectors for night riding are one of many available safety accessories, sometimes being required by law.The 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic of the United Nations considers a bicycle to be a vehicle, and a person controlling a bicycle is considered a driver. The traffic codes of many countries reflect these definitions and demand that a bicycle satisfy certain legal requirements, sometimes even including licensing, before it can be used on public roads. In many jurisdictions it is an offence to use a bicycle that is not in roadworthy condition. In most places when ridden after dark, bicycles must have functioning front and rear lights, or “lamps”. As some generator or dynamo-driven lamps only operate while moving, rear reflectors are frequently also mandatory. Since a moving bicycle makes little noise, some countries insist that bicycles have a warning bell for use when approaching pedestrians, equestrians and other bicyclists.
[edit] Standards
A number of formal and industry standards exist for bicycle components, to help make spare parts exchangeable:
ISO 5775 Bicycle tire and rim designations
ISO 8090 Cycles — Terminology (same as BS 6102-4)
ISO 4210 Cycles — Safety requirements for bicycles
[edit] Construction and parts
Used FORD FESTIVA Specs
Build Date:
1995
Make:
FORD
Model:
FESTIVA
Series:
Price:
$3,500
Odometer:
164,954 km
Rego No.:
YDF83R
VIN/Eng No.:
KNADB11K3S6318212
Rego Expiry:
May/2007
http://digiads.com.au/carsales.....T-2904.htm
Ford Festiva
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Ford Festiva
Manufacturer Kia Motors (All LHD models including North America)
Mazda Motor Corporation (all Japanese and RHD models)
Parent company Ford Motor Company
Also called Ford Aspire
Mazda Festiva
Mazda Aspire
Production 1986–1997
Assembly Sohari, South Korea
Class Subcompact
Body style(s) 3-door hatchback
Layout FF layout
Related Mazda 121
Kia Pride
First Generation
Production 1986–1993
Engine(s) 1138 cc SOHC, 56 hp (42 kW), 65 ft·lbf (88 N·m)
1324 cc SOHC, 71×83.6 mm, 65 hp (48.5 kW), 77 ft·lbf (105 N·m)
1290 cc DOHC, 88 hp (66 kW), 72 ft·lbf (98 N·m)
Transmission(s) 3-speed automatic
4-speed manual
5-speed manual
Wheelbase 2295 mm (90.20 in.)
Length 3475 mm (140.50 in.)
Width 1605 mm (63.20 in.)
Height 55.30 in (1405 mm).
Curb weight 725 kg (1598 lb)
Fuel capacity 10 US gal
Related nasim , saipa 141 , New P.K
Second Generation
Also called Ford Aspire
Production 1994-1997
Platform DA platform
The Ford Festiva was a subcompact car sold by the Ford Motor Company in North America, Asia and Australasia, introduced in 1986 in Japan. The car was manufactured by Kia in South Korea, which at the time was part-owned by Ford, and was derived from the Kia Pride, while Japanese, European, New Zealand and Australian models were manufactured by Mazda in Japan.
It was based on the Mazda DA platform, using Mazda’s B Series engines.
The Festiva was sold in North America from the 1988 to the 1993 model years. It was also sold in Europe and other markets (probably to avoid competition with the Ford Fiesta sold in these markets) as the Mazda 121 from February 1988 until 1991, when it was replaced by a rebadged Autozam Revue. It was sold as the Kia Pride in some regions. It replaced the Ford Fiesta in North America. Nasim and newer Saipa 141 in Iran and Syria.
Contents [hide]
1 First generation (1986-1993)
1.1 The SHOgun
2 Second generation (1994-2001)
3 Safety
4 References
5 External links
[edit] First generation (1986-1993)
In 1986, the subcompact Festiva was introduced to the world market, and it was introduced to North America in 1988. This Festiva sold well, and it fit into Ford’s new marketing agenda of selling better built cars. Early in its life, it faced tough competition from the Yugo, which was slightly larger, and only cost $3,990 USD, but the Yugo quickly fell due to alleged reliability problems. Initial sales were good, but by the 1990s, Festiva sales started to fall.
[edit] The SHOgun
In 1990, Chuck Beck of Special Editions and Rick Titus took seven Festivas, gutted the interiors, and mounted Ford SHO 3.0 L V6’s behind the front seats in mid-engine rear wheel drive configuration. There were substantial cosmetic and mechanical changes, including relocating the gas tank to the front of the car, structural bracing and improvements to the chassis, adding wider wheel arches to accommodate a wider stance and larger tires, and a complete redesign of the suspension. These changes resulted in a car that could travel the ¼ mile (0.4 km) in 12.9 seconds at 100.9 mph (162 km/h), and could achieve a lateral acceleration figure ranging from .95 to 1.04 g [1]. Of the seven, Jay Leno owns the silver one, which is number 003 [2].
[edit] Second generation (1994-2001)
Main article: Ford Aspire
For 1994, the Kia Pride was redesigned, meaning Ford got a new Festiva. While it was sold in certain markets as a second generation Festiva, Ford renamed it the “Aspire” in North American markets. The Ford Aspire was the first car in its class (in North America) to have standard dual air bags and optional 4-wheel ABS. This new Festiva was slightly longer, wider, and more aerodynamic.
For 1997, the Festiva/Aspire got a new front bumper with an oval grille, to keep up with the new Ford styling trend set by the Ford Contour and the redesigned Ford Taurus. The Aspire was dropped from the Ford range in the United States after 1997.
The second generation Festiva continued to be sold in Australia until at least 2001, but is no longer in the Ford Australia range. It is interesting to note that Australian second-generation Festivas have US side marker light cut-outs on each side of the vehicle (driver-side and passenger-side) at the front and rear. Instead of containing orange reflectors/lights at the front sides and red reflectors/lights at the rear sides, there are non-lit orange reflectors at all four locations. These redundant reflectors, coupled with the orange side indicator repeater (which is not required in the US, and was not included on the Aspire) make for a unique side profile appearance.
[edit] Safety
In Australia, the 1987-93 and 1994-1997 Ford Festivas were assessed in the Used Car Safety Ratings 2006 as providing “significantly worse than average” protection for their occupants in the event of a crash.[3]
[edit] References
Consumer Guide Ford Festiva Review
Consumer Guide Ford Aspire review
[edit] External links
Ford Festiva.Com
Ford Aspire.com – Aspire/Festiva online forum
Archive of a writeup on the SHOgun from the Wayback machine
Used Car Safety Ratings – Ford Festiva
Ford Festiva Mailing List at Yahoo! Groups
[hide]v • d • eFord Motor Company
Platforms • Engines • Vehicles • Category
Current and future models
Cars Activa • Crown Victoria/Police Interceptor • Fairlane • Falcon / Futura / FPV models • Fiesta / Ikon / Ford Fusion / EcoSport • Focus / C-MAX • Fusion • Galaxy • Ka / Sportka / Streetka • Laser / Lynx / Tierra • Mondeo / Metrostar • Mustang • S-MAX • Taurus
Trucks/SUVs Cargo • Courier (Brazilian)/Bantam • E-Series/Chateau Wagon • Econovan • Edge • Escape/Hybrid/Maverick • Expedition • Explorer • Everest/Endeavour • F-Series (includes Super Duty) • Flex • Pronto • Ranger/Courier • Territory • Tourneo • Tourneo Connect • Transit • Transit Connect
Historic models
1900s Model A/AC • Model B • Model C • Model F • Model K • Model N • Model R • Model S • Model T
1910s-1920s Model TT • Model A • Model AA
1930s-1940s Ford Model B • Ford Model Y • Ford Model C • Ford Model CX • Ford Junior Popular • Ford Junior De Luxe • Ford Köln • Rheinland • Ford Eifel • Ford Model 7Y • Ford Model 7W • Ford Anglia • Ford Prefect • Country Squire • Ford Meteor • Ford Pilot • Ford Vedette
1950s C-Series Trucks • Consul • Country Sedan • Del Rio • Edsel (Brand) • Fairlane • Galaxie • Mainline • Parklane • Popular • Ranchero • Squire • Taunus • Thunderbird • Versailles • Zephyr
1960s Bronco • Capri • Corcel • Corsair • Cortina • Escort • Falcon • GT40 • H-Series Trucks • LTD • N-Series Trucks • Torino
1970s Elite • Fairmont • Granada • L-Series Trucks • Maverick • Pinto
1980s Aerostar • Bantam • Bronco II • Del Rey • Escort • EXP • Festiva • Laser • LTD Crown Victoria • Orion • Probe • Scorpio • Sierra • Telstar • Tempo • Verona
1990s Aspire • Contour • Cougar • Maverick • Puma • Windstar • ZX2
2000s Excursion • Freestar • GT • Five Hundred • Freestyle
Kia Pride
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Kia Pride
Manufacturer Kia Motors
Production 1986–2000
Successor Kia Rio
Class Supermini
Body style(s) 3-door hatchback
4-door sedan
5-door hatchback
5-door station wagon
Engine(s) 1.1, 1.3 L Mazda B3 SOHC straight-4
Related Mazda 121
Ford Festiva
The Kia Pride is a subcompact car produced by South Korean automaker Kia Motors from 1986 to 2000. It was a rebadged version of the Ford Festiva, sold in some markets as the Mazda 121. The Pride was replaced in 2001 by the Rio, which is also called Pride in South Korea, and by the Picanto.
The Pride was sold in four-door sedan (LX, GTX, β), three and five-door hatchback (CD-5) and five-door station wagon body styles. Originally powered by 1.1 or 1.3-liter carbureted petrol engines, the 1.1 unit was dropped in 1995 and the other received fuel injection in order to meet EU emissions requirements.
Production continued until the summer of 2000 when Kia launched the larger Rio. The Rio competed indirectly in the compact car segment against cars like the Ford Focus and Volkswagen Golf instead of the smaller subcompact model, where the Pride competed against the Volkswagen Lupo and also sold as the Ford Festiva.
SAIPA built the Kia Pride in Iran under license using up to 85% local parts content. The Saipa Pride remained in production from 2001 to 2005. SAIPA then began production of a new model based on the Pride called the Saipa 141 (a five-door hatchback) while continuing to sell the Iranian version of the Pride under the names Saipa Saba (four-door sedan) and Saipa Nasim (five-door hatchback). A pick up model of this car is going to be made in 2008 in saipa called Saipa Pick-Up.
When Kia began importing cars to Europe in early 1991, the Pride was the only model to be sold in this part of the world until the arrival of the larger Mentor three years later. It was initially popular with budget buyers, but sales fell during the later years as more modern alternatives became available and many Kia buyers moved on to the marque’s newer models which were bigger.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Festiva
duck get my dick out of your mounth
i think “ray life” needs to get a “life”! and stop posting HUGE comments on top notch car websites!
HUMMER’S RULE.
btw, i saw a ford festiva rear end a ford bronco at (1980’s suv) 40kph and it got owned, not so good after all? a hummer would have been fine!
thats quite some originality you have there, copy-pasting the wiki page, geez ive been told now! all hail ford fiesta